{"id":198,"date":"2024-01-26T13:47:59","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T12:47:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/?page_id=198"},"modified":"2024-01-27T18:42:57","modified_gmt":"2024-01-27T17:42:57","slug":"avant-1830","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/histoire\/avant-1830\/","title":{"rendered":"Avant 1830"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">Consulats espagnols pendant l\u2019occupation ottomane<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">Apr\u00e8s la chute de Grenade en 1492, l\u2019Espagne contr\u00f4le petit \u00e0 petit le littoral d\u2019Afrique du Nord, \u00e0 partir du 16<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">Au milieu du 18<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, l\u2019administration espagnole se charge de l\u2019acheminement des courriers administratifs, commerciaux et civils vers l\u2019Espagne et l\u2019Europe. Apparaissent alors des marques philat\u00e9liques, en particulier \u00ab&nbsp;ORAN&nbsp;\u00bb et \u00ab&nbsp;ARGEL&nbsp;\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left wp-block-paragraph\">La ville d\u2019Oran est occup\u00e9e par les Espagnols de 1509 \u00e0 1708, puis de 1732 \u00e0 1792, date d\u2019un terrible tremblement de terre qui d\u00e9truit une grande partie de la ville. La marque postale la plus ancienne connue, sur un courrier en provenance d\u2019Oran, date de 1749.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"497\" height=\"330\" src=\"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1830-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-199\" style=\"width:500px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1830-1.jpg 497w, https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1830-1-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 497px) 100vw, 497px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Lettre dat\u00e9e du 20 mai 1784, en provenance d\u2019Oran, sous administration espagnole<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En 1801, un accord est sign\u00e9 entre la France et le Dey d\u2019Alger, pour r\u00e9gulariser les fournitures de bl\u00e9. Commencent alors des relations \u00e9pistolaires officielles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La lettre ci-dessous porte le cachet du Commissaire G\u00e9n\u00e9ral d\u2019Alger pour la R\u00e9publique Fran\u00e7aise, lequel r\u00e9pond \u00e0 une lettre partie de Marseille le 13 brumaire&nbsp;(4 novembre 1802).<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"506\" height=\"325\" src=\"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1830-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-200\" style=\"width:500px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1830-2.jpg 506w, https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1830-2-300x193.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 506px) 100vw, 506px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La r\u00e9ponse, dat\u00e9e du 25 frimaire An 11 (16 d\u00e9cembre 1802), soit 42 jours plus tard, est pass\u00e9e par Alicante en Espagne, en payant une taxe de 10 d\u00e9cimes, et a atteint Marseille le 25 niv\u00f4se An 11 (15 janvier 1803), soit 30 jours plus tard.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"566\" height=\"172\" src=\"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1830-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-201\" style=\"width:500px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1830-3.jpg 566w, https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1830-3-300x91.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 566px) 100vw, 566px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A cette \u00e9poque, le courrier empruntait de pr\u00e9f\u00e9rence la voie terrestre espagnole, moins risqu\u00e9e que les voies maritimes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Consulats espagnols pendant l\u2019occupation ottomane Apr\u00e8s la chute de Grenade en 1492, l\u2019Espagne contr\u00f4le petit \u00e0 petit le littoral d\u2019Afrique du Nord, \u00e0 partir du 16e si\u00e8cle. Au milieu du 18e si\u00e8cle, l\u2019administration espagnole se charge de l\u2019acheminement des courriers administratifs, commerciaux et civils vers l\u2019Espagne et l\u2019Europe. Apparaissent alors des marques philat\u00e9liques, en particulier [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":7,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-198","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/198","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=198"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":389,"href":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/198\/revisions\/389"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phil-ea.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}